Israeli Arabs have made some demands (you can read them here) to “promote equality for the Arab/Palestinian citizens of Israelâ€. These demands go far beyond what are usually meant by ‘equal rights’ and can be called a program for the realization of Palestinian national aspirations within Israel. It’s been argued that “if Israel does not define itself as the state of all its citizens it will not be a true democracyâ€; but what is being called for is in essence the end of Zionism. Is Zionism incompatible with democracy?
In other words, can a state be democratic but not ethnically neutral? I think it can and must. In most cases the very raison d’être for a state is that it is a homeland (and in the case of Israel a refuge) for a particular ethnic group. With a few exceptions (e.g., the US), all of the nations of the world define themselves with an ethnic reference. So how can these states be democratic?
I understand democracy as a system in which the will of the majority of the citizens, usually through some representative means (such as a parliament), determines the policy of the state. But this is not enough: in order to guarantee that the citizens have the capability of expressing their political will effectively, they must receive equal and fair treatment in the areas of civil rights, education, employment, housing, social benefits, health care, public works, etc.
Note that democracy does not require that the state view all citizens as identical in all respects, but just that it does not discriminate in ways that will affect their political rights.
The Palestinian demands go far beyond equal rights in this sense and include what I’ve called ‘national aspirations’. They demand, for example, that Israel (I suspect the name would be changed) must be defined as the state of both the Jewish and Palestinian peoples, and in fact that the Palestinians must be granted a special status as the ‘indigenous’ people of the region, including a veto power on all proposed laws. They insist that there be no preferential Jewish immigration (the Law of Return), although they insist on a right of return for the descendents of the Arab refugees of 1948 and 1967. They demand ‘symbolic’ changes, such as the flag and national anthem, as well as complete autonomy in areas such as education. I will leave the comparison of such a binational state (for this is what it is) to the Palestinian Authority, where Jews are not permitted to live, as an exercise!
The fact is that not only is such an interpretation of ‘equal rights’ not required for a nation to be democratic, but like all Arab proposals it is a recipe for the dismemberment of Israel.
There is a fundamental difference between equal rights and nationalist aspirations; the latter by definition can only be realized — as Zionists well understand — in a people’s own homeland. Therefore I suggest that those Israeli Arabs who will not be fulfilled living in a country not their own, albeit one in which their civil and economic rights are guaranteed, should look to the creation of an autonomous Palestinian state (outside of Israel, please).
Technorati Tags: Israeli Arabs, Israel, Palestinians
It is difficult to quarrel with this analysis. Clearly the formula ‘state of all its citizens’ translates into a ‘transitional phase’ before an Arab majority takeover and thus destruction of the Jewish state.
The practical problem however is much more difficult than the abstract theoretical one. Here one encounters the ambiguous attitude of the Arabs themselves. They want an Arab state but they want to have the benefits of the state of Israel. They do not want to live in a typical Arab state. And their attachment to the place in which they live, their ‘loyalty to the land’ is also great. They are in other words not by their own volition going anywhere .
One suggestion has been a redrawing of the borders so that the Little Triangle area can be included within an Arab entity. This heavily populated Arab area is the major candidate for ‘territory exchange’ with an Arab state.
The problem is now none of this is presently realistic. ‘Jordan’ is the candidate to receive this population but as a majority- Palestinian state in which a non- Palestinian minority rules they are not eager to receive more Palestinians.
It seems then that what must be done is there should be firm and clear action and committment to dispel any notion of cancelling Israel as a Jewish state. This means among other things more quick and decisive action against seditious actions on the part of the Arab population, most notably Arab Knesset members.
The answer is that there is no ‘end’ to this problem but it is one which must be lived with and managed for years to come.